"Fully general off-chain contracting, converted into on-chain verification with just a signature."
BitMEX Research explores information theory and explains how images can be included in fake Bitcoin addresses and why it’s unfeasible to prevent this. A Bitcoin private key is just a random 256-bit number, mathematically equivalent to a 16x16 pixel black-and-white image. They created a Bitcoin private key by creating such an image and demonstrated a transaction with an "unstoppable image" inside the private keys - deliberately vulnerable private keys that can be calculated from the data available on the blockchain.
A meme highlighting the tension between developers and podcasters in the Bitcoin space.
Starting September 2026, developers who distribute apps outside the Play Store will need to complete identity verification before users on certified Android devices can install their APKs. This means providing personal information like name, address, email, phone number, and possibly a government-issued ID. These rules apply only to certified Android devices that ship with Google Play Services. Starting first in Brazil, Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand, rolling out globally in 2027 and beyond.
The 14-day simple moving average of daily Bitcoin transaction fees has dropped to approximately 3.5 BTC per day, a level not seen since 2011. The sub-1 sat/vbyte summer is obviously a big part of this.
The change has been merged. The default minimum relay feerate and incremental relay feerate have been changed to 100 satoshis per kvB. They can still be changed using their respective configuration options, but it is recommended to change both together. Other minimum feerates (e.g. the dust feerate, the minimum returned by the fee estimator, and all feerates used by the wallet) remain unchanged.
Unlike the US and UK, the UAE’s holdings do not come from police asset seizures but from mining operations with Citadel Mining. So far, they have mined approximately 9,300 BTC and are still holding approximately 6,300 BTC.
Proposal for miners to share templates for network efficiency. The protocol specifies that shortly after a connection is initiated, the node sends a sendtemplate message. The peer can request a template with a gettemplate message, and the node replies with a template containing short transaction identifiers using the same format as BIP152 compact block messages.
Bruno Garcia posted to Delving Bitcoin about recent progress of bitcoinfuzz, a library for fuzz testing Bitcoin software. Accomplishments include the discovery of over 35 bugs in projects such as btcd, rust-bitcoin, rust-miniscript, Embit, Bitcoin Core, Core Lightning, and LND. Differential fuzzing detects bugs by providing the same input to similar applications and observing differences in their execution. Discussion topic: Why does this matter for Bitcoin applications?
Old article about Bitcoin blockchain potentially hosting CSAM imagery resurfaces, highlighting recycled fear, uncertainty, and doubt.
Exploring the potential for comfort heating energy to contribute to Bitcoin mining hash rate. Residential heating alone accounts for roughly 25% of global energy consumption in colder regions. If all comfort heating energy (~1,500 TWh) were redirected into Bitcoin mining, it could theoretically push hash rate to ~5,370 EH/s.
A calculator created by Mark Moss to plan for retirement over 5 years with 1 bitcoin. Uses an advanced strategy of never selling bitcoin and borrowing against it for retirement income. Buyer beware: you can just sell some bitcoin to live off. Beware of loans and bigger drawdowns than expected - loan ratio should always be much lower than you expect price to go. Loans based on 10% interest rates.
There are an estimated 50M Americans that own Bitcoin (about 15%). Strategy (MSTR) has qualified for the S&P 500. Around 60% of Americans own stocks, so a max of 200M could own the S&P 500. Not quite self-custody bitcoiners, but a step in the right direction. However this is at the discretion of a committee to decide. Greater ownership leads to better policies for bitcoin and reduced risks like Chokepoint.
The Fed will host a conference to discuss payments innovation including the convergence of traditional and decentralized finance, emerging stablecoin use cases, AI and payments intersection, and tokenization of financial products. Separately, Tether announced its intention to issue USDT on RGB, a next-generation protocol for issuing and transacting digital assets on Bitcoin and the Lightning Network.
Major changes in Bitcoin Core v30 include: (1) OP_RETURN data limit expansion - removes the 80-83 byte limit, allowing up to 4MB constrained by block size, allows multiple OP_RETURN outputs per transaction, and marks -datacarrier and -datacarriersize arguments as deprecated. (2) Reducing the minimum relay fee to allow sub 1 sat/vByte transactions to be relayed by default.
Additional chart showing the historic low in Bitcoin transaction fees.